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- • Age-related changes
- • Environmental factors
- • Coping
mechanisms
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- •Normal changes with age
- • Common geriatric
problems
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- • Ability to respond to stress = reserve capacity
- • > number functioning cells/organ
= reserve capacity
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- •Income
- • Living arrangements
- • Support
network
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- • Losses
- • Role changes
- • Adapting
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- 36 million older Americans
- Need 30,000 MDs with CAQs in Geriatrics
- <10,000 now
- Need 2,100 academic geriatricians
- Have 1,100 now
- Only 13 of 126 medical schools require geriatrics
- 3.5% elect geriatrics
- Only 218 Geriatric Medicine fellows in US now
- Similar situation exists in other health fields
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- Number of Web sites in aging > 8,000 -- up from only 25 in Feb. ’95
- 52 million U.S. adults use Web for health information…70% say online
information influences decision to seek treatment
- 86% concerned about unreliable sources
- Great majority find information through searches on the 17,000 health
Web sites in U.S. rather than being directed by a knowledgeable health
professional…
- Source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, November 26, 2000
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- 15% of persons 65+ go online vs. 51% aged 50-64
- 60% are men
- However, those 65+ are coming online at faster rates than other age
groups, especially older women
- on a typical day wired seniors log on > than the average Internet
user, 69% vs. 56%
- *Source: Seniors Online, Data courtesy Susannah Fox,
Director of Research, Pew
Internet & American Life Project
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53
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- Design features are great, but content is paramount
- “good and bad information light up just as brightly on computer
screens”…. Former Surgeon General C. Everitt Koop, MD
- “we must write information prescriptions for peer-reviewed Web sites”…. the
late John Eisenberg, MD, former head, Agency for Healthcare Research and
Quality
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- Too few sites with verifiable criteria met
- Need “filterable” elements for searches
- HON Principles for a Code of Conduct, HITI Criteria, Dublin Core
Metadata Elements
- 4 Elements Needed for Rx: authorship, attribution, disclosure, and
currency*
- 5th Element: high general usability features
- *Source: Silberg WM et al. (1997). Assessing, controlling, and
assuring the quality of medical information on the Internet.
JAMA; 277(15):1244-5.
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55
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- Shon and Musen* search on Alta Vista for “breast cancer treatment” =
2736 pages, first 100 URLs were analyzed by MD using 4 metadata elements
by Silberg et al.
- Findings: authorship, 20%; attribution, 32%; disclosure, 41%; currency,
35%
- Only 1 page had all 4; Avg./pg. = 1.23
- *Source, Nos. 1-4: Shon, J and Musen, MA. The low availability
of metadata elements for
evaluating the quality of medical information
on the WWW. (1999)
Proceedings of the American Medical Informatics
Association Annual
Meeting, Washington, D.C.
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- Technology is here…
- > bandwidth via DSL, cable modems, wireless devices and services…
- “Information Age” towns and homes…Blacksburg, Virginia and Ennis,
Ireland…
- e-Health business & learning
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- AOTA – aota.org
- APTA – geriatricspt.org
- ASHA -- http://professional.asha.org/searchresults.cfm
- Aging Concepts and Controversies Website –
pineforge.com/moody/growold.htm
- Huffington Center on Aging’s Distance Learning --
hcoa.org/tcgec/distance_learning_resources.htm
- Lewis, S.C. Elder Care in OT. Slack, Inc., 2003.
- Bottomley, J.M. Geriatric Rehabilitation for PT.
- Prentice Hall Health, 2003.
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61
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- 1996 was 1st HCOA Arts in Aging Calendar, a retrospective of
Pierre Auguste Renoir (1841-1919)
- Despite decades of arthritis pain, he painted until his death. Renoir’s
prolific work is a testa-ment to the contributions older people make to
the quality of our lives.
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- The art of Jean MacLane (1878-1964) from the Toledo Museum of Art,
Toledo, Ohio
- The September 1997 selection from Through a Woman’s Eyes: Women Artists
Past and Present
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- The art of Ansgard Thomson (1923-) of Fort Assiniboine, Alberta, Canada
- Enjoy her computer art at this Web site -- http://www.vennercs.
com/users/athomson/
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- The art of Yuki Ogura (1895-2000) from Kamakura-shi, Kanagawa-ken, Japan
- Japan’s national treasure who resumed painting at age 100 following
treatment for depression
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- The art of Tom Ryan (1922-) of Midland, Texas
- Noted artist in The Cowboy
Artists of America Museum, painting again following stroke
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- The art of Margaret E. Nadeau (1926-) from Comox, BC
- Noted Canadian artist, this work is part of a private collection in
Edmonton, Alberta
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67
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- The art of Anne Eldredge Harris (1918-) from Hockessin, Delaware
- Classical artist took up computer art following death of husband…
www.art.net/studios/ visual/Anne/home.htm
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- The art of Shirley Timmreck (1920-) of Homer, Alaska
- Artist, playwright, teacher, this work is in a private collection in
Houston, Texas
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- Anne Harris, 1918-
- “I never think of doing art as therapeutic, yet there is comfort and
fulfillment in doing it…more than that, it is a real necessity…
- Creativity wells up inside me, first forming an image in it's entirety
in my mind and then I bring it to life…
- The sensation is like a kind of hunger--which must be fed!”
- Shirley Timmreck, 1920-
- “Painting is a great escape into another dimension…sometimes frustrating
in awaiting concept, but when I succeed, it becomes a dance of joy for
me…
- My creative drive is actually better at this age…
- Nothing teaches like life itself… I am still learning.”
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- Mary Ellen Shipnes, a native Hoosier, lived in a very artistic home with
her architect father.
- In 1925, she was admitted to the Boston School of Fine Arts, living on
the Fenway and walking to school
- Despite macular degeneration, she spent her summers painting in Northport Point, Michigan.
On 9 May 2001, she died on her farm near Brenham, Texas at age 93.
- To enjoy her works, visit http://hcoa.org/arts/mary_ellen_shipness.htm.
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- Good overview of field is Christine Kerr’s paper, “The Psychological
Significance of Creativity in the Elderly,” J. of Art Therapy 16 (1):37-41, 1999.
- Application in healthcare is “Art Therapy with Geriatric Dementia
Clients,” J. of Art Therapy 14
(3):194-199, 1997 by Kathleen Kahn-Denis, MA, ATR-BC.
- Good online source: Am. Art Therapy Association’s site
http://www.arttherapy.org or e-mail: arttherapy@ntr.net
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74
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- Selected drawings provided by Robert E. Reichlein, Ph.D., who works with
persons recently diagnosed as having Alzheimer’s disease.
- The poignancy of the works speaks volumes.
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75
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76
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- Not just for today’s older people
- But for tomorrow’s, too
- As most of the little children of the world will live most of the 21st
century
- Like my granddaughter, Carmella, born June 23, 2001
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79
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80
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81
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- The wisdom of the venerable George Carlin
- The only time in our lives when we like to get old is when we’re kids!
- Ask someone under 10 years old “How old are you?” They think in
fractions: “I’m four and a half.”
- You become 21, turn 30, pushing 40, reach 50, make it to 60, hit 70…
- If you get to 100, you become a little kid again: “I’m 100 and a half!”
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- e-mail: rroush@bcm.tmc.edu
- Web address: www.hcoa.org
- Phone: (713) 798-4611
- Fax #: (713) 794-7092
- Huffington Center on Aging
- Baylor College of Medicine
- One Baylor Plaza
- Houston, Texas 77030
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Notes